xml.dom.pulldom — Support for building partial DOM trees

Source code: Lib/xml/dom/pulldom.py

The xml.dom.pulldom module provides a “pull parser” which can also be asked to produce DOM-accessible fragments of the document where necessary. The basic concept involves pulling “events” from a stream of incoming XML and processing them. In contrast to SAX which also employs an event-driven processing model together with callbacks, the user of a pull parser is responsible for explicitly pulling events from the stream, looping over those events until either processing is finished or an error condition occurs.

Note

If you need to parse untrusted or unauthenticated data, see XML security.

Changed in version 3.7.1: The SAX parser no longer processes general external entities by default to increase security by default. To enable processing of external entities, pass a custom parser instance in:

from xml.dom.pulldom import parse
from xml.sax import make_parser
from xml.sax.handler import feature_external_ges

parser = make_parser()
parser.setFeature(feature_external_ges, True)
parse(filename, parser=parser)

Example:

from xml.dom import pulldom

with pulldom.parse('sales_items.xml') as doc:
    for event, node in doc:
        if event == pulldom.START_ELEMENT and node.tagName == 'item':
            if int(node.getAttribute('price')) > 50:
                doc.expandNode(node)
                print(node.toxml())

event is a constant and can be one of:

  • START_ELEMENT

  • END_ELEMENT

  • COMMENT

  • START_DOCUMENT

  • END_DOCUMENT

  • CHARACTERS

  • PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION

  • IGNORABLE_WHITESPACE

node is an object of type xml.dom.minidom.Document, xml.dom.minidom.Element or xml.dom.minidom.Text.

Since the document is treated as a “flat” stream of events, the document “tree” is implicitly traversed and the desired elements are found regardless of their depth in the tree. In other words, one does not need to consider hierarchical issues such as recursive searching of the document nodes, although if the context of elements were important, one would either need to maintain some context-related state (i.e. remembering where one is in the document at any given point) or to make use of the DOMEventStream.expandNode() method and switch to DOM-related processing.

class xml.dom.pulldom.PullDOM(documentFactory=None)

Subclass of xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.

class xml.dom.pulldom.SAX2DOM(documentFactory=None)

Subclass of xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.

xml.dom.pulldom.parse(stream_or_string, parser=None, bufsize=None)

Return a DOMEventStream from the given input. stream_or_string may be either a file name, or a file-like object. parser, if given, must be an XMLReader object. This function will change the document handler of the parser and activate namespace support; other parser configuration (like setting an entity resolver) must have been done in advance.

If you have XML in a string, you can use the parseString() function instead:

xml.dom.pulldom.parseString(string, parser=None)

Return a DOMEventStream that represents the (Unicode) string.

xml.dom.pulldom.default_bufsize

Default value for the bufsize parameter to parse().

The value of this variable can be changed before calling parse() and the new value will take effect.

DOMEventStream Objects

class xml.dom.pulldom.DOMEventStream(stream, parser, bufsize)

Changed in version 3.11: Support for __getitem__() method has been removed.

Changed in version 3.16.0a0 (unreleased): DOMEventStream can now be used as a context manager. On exit, clear() is called, closing file handles opened by parse().

getEvent()

Return a tuple containing event and the current node as xml.dom.minidom.Document if event equals START_DOCUMENT, xml.dom.minidom.Element if event equals START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT or xml.dom.minidom.Text if event equals CHARACTERS. The current node does not contain information about its children, unless expandNode() is called.

expandNode(node)

Expands all children of node into node. Example:

from xml.dom import pulldom

xml = '<html><title>Foo</title> <p>Some text <div>and more</div></p> </html>'
doc = pulldom.parseString(xml)
for event, node in doc:
    if event == pulldom.START_ELEMENT and node.tagName == 'p':
        # Following statement only prints '<p/>'
        print(node.toxml())
        doc.expandNode(node)
        # Following statement prints node with all its children '<p>Some text <div>and more</div></p>'
        print(node.toxml())
reset()
clear()

Release references to the parser, the stream and the DOM builder, and close the stream if it was opened by parse(). Streams provided by the caller are not closed. It is safe to call this method more than once. The event stream cannot be used after calling this method.

Changed in version 3.16.0a0 (unreleased): This method now closes the underlying stream if it was opened by parse().